Libya descended into chaos in the wake of the 2011 NATO-backed uprising that ousted and killed longtime dictator Moammar Gadhafi. The country has since been split between rival governments in the east and west and multiple armed groups competing for power and oil resources. At its core, the conflict is about differences between Islamic and nationalist camps , ethnic and tribal rivalries, regional and local identities and access to oil and financial resources. How did Libya end up with rival governments? Contested parliamentary elections in 2014 led to the formation of two rival administrations: one in the western capital Tripoli and another in the east. The split came after an Islamist bloc backed by armed groups refused to end the 18-month transitional mandate of the now-defunct General National Council (GNC) after they were defeated in the election. Fighting in Tripoli between Islamist factions and forces loyal to strongman Khalifa Haftar ultimately led the newly elected House of Representatives to move the eastern city of Tobruk. The government in the east was backed by Haftar’s self-titled Libyan National Army (LNA), which has led the fight against Islamist militias. What happened with the UN-backed government? In 2015, the UN brokered a power-sharing… Read full this story
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