1. What oil do I need and what do those ratings mean? There are several ratings assigned to motor oils by the American Petroleum Institute (API). The newest ratings (SM and SN) always supplant older ones and are backward-compatible for engines, meaning they’re approved for use in anything that was covered by the previous generation of oils. If your engine uses a roller cam, no sweat, you’re fine with the modern oil of your preference. The issues for rodders arise with flat-tappet cams as modern oils have much lower levels of ZDDP (zinc dialkyl dithio phosphate), which is the key component for cam and lifter wear prevention on flat-tappet cams. Modern oils use roughly one quarter of the pre-1990 level of zinc and phosphorus to meet the EPA’s emissions standards and requirement of 100,000-mile catalytic converters. That amount of ZDDP doesn’t allow for much of a sacrificial coating to prevent metal-to-metal contact. Guys with modest engines with small cams and low spring pressure may get away with it; guys making real power likely won’t. Pages could be written on this topic, but we know all you really want to know is what goo to pour in. Unfortunately, it’s not as… Read full this story
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